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U.S. Government Spending

$7.01Tspent, FY2025

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What the map leaves out

The spending map shows gross spending. Some government accounts record income or accounting write-downs as negative outlays, which pull the official total down. They can't be drawn as area, so they're tallied here.

The gap, year by year

Revenue grew faster than spending in 2025, largely because of higher income-tax collections and new tariffs, so the deficit shrank slightly. The government still borrowed about a quarter of what it spent.

2011 versus 2025, in today's dollars

The original 2011-era graphic showed a budget of roughly $3.6 trillion. Here's what the government actually spent and collected in fiscal 2011, converted into 2025 dollars, next to 2025.

FY2011 in 2025 dollarsFY2025

Sources and notes

  • Spending category totals for FY2025 and FY2024 are actual outlays by budget function from the U.S. Treasury's Combined Statement of Receipts, Outlays, and Balances, FY2025.
  • Program detail inside each spending category comes from the Congressional Budget Office's FY2025 infographics on mandatory and discretionary spending (March 2026) and the FY2024 editions. The split between mandatory and discretionary within each category uses FY2025 actual mandatory outlays from OMB's Mid-Session Review, Table S-1; the discretionary piece is the remainder. CBO and OMB round to the nearest billion and classify a few items differently, so small pieces are approximate.
  • Revenue by source for FY2025 comes from CBO's Revenues in Fiscal Year 2025 infographic; FY2024 revenue by major source and the FY2024 deficit come from CBO's Monthly Budget Review: Summary for FY2025. Total receipts were $5.235 trillion and the deficit was $1.775 trillion.
  • "Borrowed" is the deficit: the amount by which spending exceeded revenue, covered mainly by selling Treasury securities. The paid-for / borrowed shading splits the whole map in proportion to the official $7.01 trillion total. It does not mean the programs on the right-hand side were the ones paid for with borrowed money; every dollar of spending was about 75% revenue-funded and 25% borrowed.
  • The FY2011 comparison uses Treasury's FY2011 Combined Statement (total outlays $3,598.1 billion) and the Treasury and OMB FY2011 budget-results statement (receipts $2.302 trillion). Inflation adjustments use the fiscal-year average of the BLS Consumer Price Index for all urban consumers (CPI-U): prices rose 2.7% from FY2024 to FY2025 and 43.4% from FY2011 to FY2025.
  • FY2024 spending was held down by about $72 billion because benefit payments due October 1, 2023 were made in September 2023 (FY2023). That makes 2025 growth look larger for Social Security, Medicare, veterans' benefits, military retirement and SSI.
  • Education's drop is mostly an accounting entry: in September 2025 the government recorded a $131 billion reduction in the estimated cost of federal student loans after the 2025 reconciliation law changed repayment terms.
  • Where no matching 2024 figure was published for a piece, its rectangle is striped and shows the change for its whole category.
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